NCLEX Pharmacology Cardiovascular Drugs Practice Test

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• The nurse is teaching a client who will use a clonidine transdermal patch. Which statement is correct?
• Which of the following is not a common side effect of calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine?
• Which medication interaction increases the risk of digoxin toxicity by causing potassium depletion?
• Which medication is a platelet aggregation inhibitor?
• When titrating intravenous nitroglycerin, which parameter should be monitored continuously?
• Which route is used to administer enoxaparin (LMWH)?
• Which medication is a fibrate used to treat severe hypertriglyceridemia?
• Which statement correctly contrasts ACE inhibitors and ARBs regarding cough?
• A combination of triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide is ordered for which purpose?
• A client is prescribed nitroglycerin ointment. Where should the ointment be applied?
• Which laboratory value should be monitored in clients taking triamterene?
• A client is prescribed dalteparin (Fragmin). LMWH is administered via which route?
• The nurse is teaching a client about clopidogrel (Plavix). What is important information to include?
• Which menu item indicates understanding of spironolactone therapy?
• A nurse is caring for a client taking cholestyramine (Questran). The client is complaining of constipation. What will the nurse do?
• Which statement about clonidine–related constipation is correct, and how can it be addressed?
• A patient on statin therapy develops signs of liver injury, which action should the nurse take?
• Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client understands sublingual nitroglycerin medication instructions?
• Which electrolyte is most likely to be decreased by loop diuretics?
• Mannitol is used to treat cerebral edema; which change indicates effectiveness?
• A client taking prazosin has a blood pressure of 140/90 and reports swollen feet. What is the nurse's best action?
• Which lab value is routinely monitored to assess warfarin's anticoagulant effect?
• What instruction should the nurse provide to the client who needs to apply nitroglycerin ointment?
• A client prescribed ezetimibe (Zetia) which assessment finding will require immediate action by the nurse?
• Which assessment indicates a therapeutic effect of mannitol (Osmitrol)?
• A client is prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox). LMWH has what kind of half-life?
• Which condition is a contraindication to the use of a calcium channel blocker?
• Which condition could occur when taking furosemide?
• A patient on a statin should be monitored for hepatotoxicity. Which laboratory test is essential to monitor?
• A client is prescribed losartan (Cozaar). The nurse teaches the client that an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) acts by doing what?
• For a client prescribed Thalitone (chlorthalidone), what is the most important teaching point?
• A client's serum digoxin level is 0.4 ng/mL. What is the nurse's priority action?
• The first-line drug for treating this client's blood pressure might be which drug?
• Which statement indicates understanding about discharge instructions on antihyperlipidemic medications?
• Which client will the nurse assess first?
• Which assessment finding will alert the nurse to suspect early digitalis toxicity?
• A patient has been instructed to use sublingual nitroglycerin for chest pain. What is the maximum number of tablets that may be used at 3-minute intervals before seeking care?
• Which factor would cause the same electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia) in this patient?
• A client is taking rosuvastatin (Crestor). What severe skeletal muscle adverse reaction should the nurse watch for?
• Which statement indicates the client needs further medication instruction about colestipol (Colestid)?
• A client taking an ACE inhibitor develops a dry, nonproductive cough. What is the nurse's priority action?
• Regarding traveling with nitroglycerin, which statement best reflects storage?
• A nurse is caring for a client with elevated triglyceride levels who is unresponsive to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. What medication will the nurse administer?
• Which serious adverse effect should a patient on rosuvastatin (Crestor) be aware of?
• A client with acute pulmonary edema receives furosemide (Lasix). What assessment finding indicates that the intervention is working?
• A patient with heart failure is taking digoxin. Which assessment finding indicates a therapeutic effect?
• In the context of acute coronary syndrome, heparin is primarily used as which category?
• A client taking enoxaparin (Lovenox) daily indicates which statement requires additional monitoring?
• A client admitted through the emergency department requires emergency surgery and has been receiving heparin. Which nursing intervention is essential?
• Which statement indicates that the client needs additional instruction about antihypertensive treatment?
• The beta blocker should not be abruptly stopped; the dose should be tapered down.
• What is the major purpose of antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease?
• Isoxsuprine works by which mechanism?
• A client on clonidine (Catapres) is being discharged. Which instruction should the nurse include?
• Which is a priority nursing diagnosis for a client taking an antihypertensive medication?
• Which electrolyte change is most commonly associated with loop diuretic therapy such as furosemide?
• Which medication is used to treat hyperkalemia?
• If a patient on statin therapy develops signs of liver injury, what action should the nurse take?
• During assessment of a client with pheochromocytoma, the nurse records 210/110 mm Hg. What is the nurse's best action?
• Which route is used to administer enoxaparin for deep vein thrombosis prevention?
• The nurse knows that the client's cholesterol level should be within which range?
• A client's serum lidocaine level is 3.0 mcg/mL. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
• Which laboratory test is ordered to determine the presence of the amino acid that can contribute to cardiovascular disease and stroke?
• In the emergency department for paroxysmal SVT, what is the nurse's priority intervention?
• An adult client has an HDL level of 60 mg/dL. This level is considered:
• A client is to receive furosemide IV push. Which nursing action is appropriate?
• The nurse plans which intervention to decrease the flushing reaction of niacin?
• A client is being changed from an injectable anticoagulant to an oral anticoagulant. Which anticoagulant is administered orally?
• What information is essential for the nurse to include when teaching a client about taking an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)?
• Which electrolyte disturbance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
• Which lipid parameter is most strongly associated with increased cardiovascular risk due to atherogenesis?
• Which finding is included in signs and symptoms for digitalis toxicity?
• Which client statement requires immediate action regarding warfarin therapy?
• The nurse knows that which group(s) of antihypertensive drugs are less effective in African-American clients?
• Monitoring nitroglycerin for therapeutic effects. Which finding indicates effectiveness?
• Which ECG finding is most characteristic of hypokalemia?
• Which assessment finding in a client taking an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor will the nurse act on immediately?
• A client receiving intravenous nitroglycerin at 20 mcg/min complains of dizziness. Nursing assessment reveals a blood pressure of 85/40 mm Hg, heart rate 110 bpm, and respirations 16 breaths/min. What is the nurse's priority action?
• A client taking warfarin 5 mg/day for atrial fibrillation has an INR of 3.8. The nurse would categorize the INR as what?
• A client with diabetes mellitus taking hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg/day should monitor which laboratory level?
• A client taking Methyldopa (Aldomet) has elevated liver function tests. What is the nurse's best action?
• A client diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia is prescribed lovastatin (Mevacor). The nurse is reviewing the client's history and would contact the health care provider about which of these conditions in the client's history?
• A patient taking warfarin presents with coffee-ground emesis. What is the nurse's primary action?
• Which medication is potassium-sparing among diuretics?
• If a patient on statin therapy has hepatic disease, what is the recommended approach to statin therapy?
• A transdermal nitroglycerin patch is prescribed. Which instruction should be included in teaching?
• Which drug is a GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor used to prevent reocclusion during PCI?
• A client admitted with pneumonia has chronic renal insufficiency and is prescribed furosemide 40 mg twice daily. Which teaching point is most important?
• A client on heparin begins to bleed; which is the antidote for heparin?
• Before the nurse administers isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur), what is a priority nursing assessment?
• Which diuretic is most frequently combined with an antihypertensive drug?
• Which concomitant medication with an ACE inhibitor requires caution due to risk of hyperkalemia?
• Which statement about preventing nitroglycerin tolerance is correct?
• A nurse caring for a client started on ibutilide (Corvert). Which assessment is a priority?
• A client with hyperaldosteronism is prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone). Which outcome indicates a positive response?
• Which statement best informs a client about the combination therapy of spironolactone and furosemide?
• A patient receiving a noncardioselective beta blocker would require caution if they have which preexisting condition?
• Which discharge instruction is appropriate for a patient taking cholestyramine (Questran)?
• A client on hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg daily and digoxin 0.25 mg daily is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
• What statement best differentiates dalteparin (Fragmin) from unfractionated heparin?
• A newly admitted client is started on heparin. The nurse recognizes heparin is effective for preventing new clot formation in which disorder?
• Which client assessment would assist the nurse in evaluating the therapeutic effects of a calcium channel blocker?
• Which client would the nurse assess first when a medication order for mannitol (Osmitrol) is given?
• A client taking furosemide has a serum potassium of 3.4 mEq/L, chloride 90 mmol/L, and sodium 140 mEq/L. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
• A client is started on warfarin therapy while still receiving intravenous heparin. The client questions the nurse about the risk for bleeding. How should the nurse respond?
• Dalteparin dosing is based on which patient characteristic?
• Acetazolamide is used in gout due to what effect on urine?
• Which scenario would most strongly indicate the need for digoxin immune FAB regardless of other findings?
• Which dietary change would interfere with warfarin therapy and require provider consultation?
• A person with high HDL levels has what relationship to cardiovascular risk?
• A client is prescribed gemfibrozil (Lopid) for treatment of hyperlipidemia type IV. What is important for the nurse to teach the client?
• What statement is most important for the teaching plan for a client who has started transdermal nitroglycerin patch?
• If a nitroglycerin patch causes a headache, what should you do?
• A client on spironolactone (Aldactone) requires close monitoring for which condition?
• The beta blocker acebutolol (Sectral) is prescribed for dysrhythmias. The primary purpose is to?
• A client is prescribed a noncardioselective beta blocker. What nursing intervention is a priority?
• Which nursing diagnosis would be possible for a client receiving intravenous heparin therapy?
• The nurse reviews the history for a client taking atorvastatin (Lipitor). What will the nurse act on immediately?
• What is a pharmacologic rationale for adding a potassium-sparing diuretic to antihypertensive therapy?
• Which diuretic is potassium-sparing?
• A serum digoxin level of 3.0 ng/mL indicates what?
• Which laboratory value would the nurse report to the health care provider as a potential adverse response to hydrochlorothiazide?
• A client has serum cholesterol level of 265 mg/dL, triglyceride level of 235 mg/dL, and LDL of 180 mg/dL. What do these serum levels indicate?
• What is the typical therapeutic serum level range for digoxin?
• PhosLo (calcium acetate) is used to treat which condition in patients with renal failure?
• Which antidote is used for life-threatening digoxin toxicity?
• What intervention is essential before the nurse administers tenecteplase (TNKase)?
• A client asks why acetazolamide is prescribed for gout. Best response?
• Protamine sulfate reverses which anticoagulant?
• Which cardiac finding would raise concern for digoxin toxicity?
• A client taking acetazolamide (Diamox) is observed. Which finding requires immediate nursing intervention?
• A diuretic decreases potassium; what effect on digoxin?
• Which safety warning should patients observe with nitroglycerin therapy?
• A patient on an ACE inhibitor develops a persistent dry cough. Which symptom indicates a need to reconsider the ACE inhibitor therapy?
• Which assessment finding will alert the nurse to possible toxic effects of amiodarone?
• A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox) to a client for prevention of deep vein thrombosis. What is an essential nursing intervention?
• Which nursing instruction is appropriate when a client uses a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet?
• Which statement about using transdermal nitroglycerin patches is true?
• The nurse knows beta blockers are as effective as antianginals because they do what?
• Which medication, if taken with an ACE inhibitor, increases the risk of hyperkalemia?
• Which thrombolytic agent is used to dissolve clots in acute myocardial infarction?
• A client taking warfarin (Coumadin) requests an aspirin for headache relief. What is the nurse's best response?
• When a client first takes a nitrate, which symptom often occurs?
• Acebutolol (Sectral) is prescribed for dysrhythmias; what is the primary action?
• A calcium channel blocker has been ordered for a client. Which condition in the client's history is a contraindication to this medication?
• Which statement demonstrates a need for further instruction regarding nitroglycerin use?
• The nurse explains that which beta blocker category is preferred for treating hypertension?
• Mannitol should be avoided in which patient group?
• A client is being changed from an injectable to an oral anticoagulant. Which of the following is administered orally?
• During an intravenous nitroglycerin infusion, which assessment finding would require the nurse to take action?
• The nurse evaluates that the client understood discharge teaching regarding warfarin (Coumadin) based on which statement?
• The international normalized ratio (INR) is 1.5. What action should the nurse take?
• What will the nurse instruct the client to do to prevent the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin?
• A client on digoxin 0.25 mg and furosemide 40 mg reports yellow halos around lights. Which action will the nurse take?
• Which of the following is the antidote for heparin?
• A new patient on prazosin reports edema and ongoing dizziness. What is the most appropriate next step?
• A client on an intravenous heparin drip has which laboratory value that would require immediate action?
• A 70-year-old client who is taking several cardiac antidysrhythmic medications has been prescribed simvastatin (Zocor) 80 mg/day. What is essential information for the nurse to teach the client?
• A client is taking ezetimibe (Zetia). How does Zetia work?
• The client asks the nurse how nitroglycerin should be stored while traveling. What is the best response?
• The client is receiving tirofiban (Aggrastat). What is an essential nursing intervention for this client?
• Which electrolyte abnormality commonly accompanies loop diuretics that increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
• Which statement reflects a necessary consideration when a client on atorvastatin uses a beverage with potential interaction, as noted in the case history?
• Which agent is a thrombolytic used to dissolve clots in myocardial infarction?
• Which drug is used primarily to prevent reocclusion after coronary angioplasty?
• A client is to begin treatment for short-term management of heart failure with milrinone lactate. What is the priority nursing action?
• A client with peripheral arterial disease is prescribed isoxsuprine (Vasodilan). Which primary effect does isoxsuprine have?
• Which assessment will the nurse perform when monitoring a client receiving triamterene (Dyrenium)?
• A client is taking lovastatin (Mevacor). Which serum level is most important for the nurse to monitor?
• Before administering isosorbide mononitrate, which assessment is most important?
• What is the serum therapeutic range for digoxin?
• In an acute myocardial infarction, which drug category is given early to prevent tissue necrosis following a blood clot in a coronary artery?
• The nurse would question an order for cholestyramine (Questran) if the client has which condition?
• The nurse reviews labs: digoxin level 10 ng/mL and potassium 5.9 mEq/L. What is the nurse's primary intervention?
• Captopril (Capoten) has been ordered for a client. The nurse teaches the client that ACE inhibitors have which common side effects?
• A diuretic that lowers potassium taken with digoxin increases the risk of what?
• What nursing intervention is essential for the client receiving alteplase?
• The nurse knows furosemide (Lasix) is which type of diuretic?
• Isoxsuprine (Vasodilan) for peripheral arterial disease may cause which adverse effect?